Tuesday, May 13, 2008

The bloggers paradise

this is the blog of a young man who has really taught ma a lot about blogging.visit his site at www.internetprince.blogspot.com and see what i mean

Monday, March 3, 2008

there are so many affiliate programs awash the internet and most of them are genuine and legitimate while some others are scams.affiliate programs offer you the opportunity of earning income on a daily basis just by reffering people on the internet to either sign up or buy a merchants products.

i have made good money on the internet through affiliate programs and most of these programs pay you either through paypal,e-gold or check.below are seven genuine affiliate programs that can make you rich in 2008.join now and start earning income on a daily basis.

Monday, February 25, 2008

how to price your ebook

you've written and compiled an ebook. Now you have todecide how much to charge for it. Finding the rightprice is essential to the success of your product. If you charge too little, people will think it's ofl ittle value, and they won't purchase it, or even itthey do buy your book, you will have to sell thousandsof copies to get to the point where you can begin to see a profit.

If you price it too high when compared with your competition, you will find yourself steadilyl owering the price, which will cause you all kinds ofnew problems in the future. For example, if you sell your ebook at first for $39.99, and later reduce it to $24.95, don't you think the people who bought it for$39.99 are going to be PISSED?

Choosing the right price for your ebook is one of the most critical parts of the marketing process. The first rule of pricing ebooks is to never underprice.Determine the highest price your audience can afford,and then if you find your book isn?t selling, you can always reduce the price. Before you take that step,make sure you are promoting your book like crazy onthe Internet and on websites.

The price should be aimed at bringing in profits, but you should never forget that price is one of the factors that peopleuse in judging the value of your ebook ? before theybuy it. So always start with the highest price, and then launch a mega-marketing campaign.

Pricing an ebook is particularly difficult because ebooks are a fairly new commodity. Since they are digital, the value of an ebook is as confusing as the understanding of what digital actually is to the average lay person. This means that we must look at ebooks in a different light in order to determine their actual worth in this brave, new cyber world.

Let's look at the difference between a book in print and an ebook. A printed book is an object you can holdin your hand, store on your bookshelf, even hand down to the next generation. It is priced on factors such as paper stock, design and production costs, and marketing.

But the fact that unites ebooks and print books isthat they are composed of ideas. It is the ideas in these books that have the ability to change, or possibly transform, people's lives.

What do you think an idea is worth when evaluated against the cost of paper and ink?
It is the IDEAS that are valuable! That is how youdetermine the cost of your ebook.

What should I charge for my ideas?

There are all different formulas and methods fordetermining the correct price for your ebook. Let's begin with honing in on your ultimate goals.
Decide if your goal is to get wide distribution and maximum exposure. This goal is aimed at drawing customers to your business or service, or to establishing the credibility of your reputation.

If this is your main goal, you should aim to keep yourprice on the low side. Some authors have even priced their ebooks at a profit loss to draw a high number of new customers. The key is to find a price that maximizes your profits and the number of books you sell.

This is an excellent pricing strategy if you arelooking to acquire long-term customers. Long-termcustomers are extremely likely to buy from you again and again ? as long as the first ebook they buy is of exceptional quality and beneficial to the customer.

However, if your book contains valuable ? and moreimportantly NEW information, references, or techniques? then you should aim to price it on the high end.
After you figure out your goal, you must figure out what your audience's need is for your ebook.

For example, does your book solve a particular problem? If it does, and solves it in a way that hasn't beenwritten about in one hundred other ebooks, you will be able to achieve high sales at a high price. If your book solves a problem or answers questions in a new and unique way, you should price your book as high as you can go. You will achieve larger profits this way,but bring in fewer customers.

Just make sure thequestion or problem that your book solves is one thatis important and relevant to the majority of your market audience. If your ideas are not common knowledge, or you are presenting a brand new technique, you will be able to sell books at a high price. Just be prepared for your competition toundercut you on price as soon as they hear about yourbook.

Keep in mind that the above pricing strategy is temporary. Eventually, you will cease to sell books atthis high price. So figure out in advance how long youplan to offer your ebook at this high price, and when that time is up, change your pricing strategy.

If you want to see large profits over customer draw,aim for an audience that is looking for easy solutions to their problems at a low price. If your book isaimed at solving one particular problem rather than general advice, then you can charge more. Start at thehighest price the market will bear to bring in thelargest profits, and plan to discount the book anumber of times throughout the year.
Marketing Strategies

The key that unlocks the sales potential of your ebookis to find a single sentence that becomes your selling handle. This sentence states what question or problemyour book answers and the benefits your ebook can provide. Then be sure to use that sentence in every piece of sales and promotional material, and everytime anyone asks you about your ebook.

Besides promoting your books assiduously online, thereare several other strategies that can help you sell more books.
One is to give something away for free with your book,such as a valuable bonus item. Or bundle several ebooks under one price, which lowers the price foreach ebook if they were sold separately.

An effective technique for figuring out a price is tosend out a survey to your current customers. If thesecustomers have already bought an ebook from you, askfor their opinion in terms of price. Do this by creating a sales page for the new book, but don't include a price on that page. Instead, add a number oflinks to survey questions that ask pointed questionsto aid you in assigning a price to your ebook.

Another strategy is to test out prices by creating anumber of duplicate sales pages with different priceson each page. Make sure your sales copy is exactly thesame on every page, and includes your selling-handle sentence. Then figure out for each page the conversionratio between visitors to your site and sales of yourbook. This will tell you what your optimum price is.

Ultimately, if you've written a book that solves aproblem or presents a new technique, your book willbring in both traffic and profits. So be sure to write that selling-handle sentence that sums up what problemyour book solves and what the benefits of your book will be to the customers who purchase it. And thenwatch your market come to you!

how to choose an ebook compiler

What is an eBook compiler?
You've written and revised your ebook, hired an artistwho has produced outstanding graphics, and now you'reready to actually put together your ebook. What youneed to make an ebook is software called an ebookCompiler.


There are many different compilers to chose from, butfirst, you need to know exactly what an ebook Compile rdoes. Here is the simple explanation:
An ebook compiler is a software program that converts either text pages or HTML text into a single executable file or an ebook.


If you or someone you hired has created a file withgraphics in HTML, you will need an HTML ebookCompiler. This type of compiler requires a workingknowledge of the HTML tag language. You can also usesoftware to do this for you, such as Microsoft FrontPage or Macromedia Dreamweaver.

How do you choose an eBook Compiler?

There are a large number of ebook Compilers availableon the market, all with glowing sales copy and tekkie language. It can get very confusing and overwhelming very fast without some simple guidelines to help you figure out which compiler is right for you.

Choosing an ebook Compiler depends on a number of factors:

1. How did you create your pages? Did you use HTML orPDF format? There are many more compilers available for HTML, but you can find some very good compilers that will covert your PDF files into an ebook.

2. Consider how easy the program is to use and the thoroughness of the software's instruction manual. Itis absolutely necessary that the compiler you buy havean instructional manual, documentation, or online"wizards." If it doesn't, your chances of figuring outhow to correctly use the program are compromised, and the time required doing so is going to be significant.Many manufacturers of compilers offer a free trialversion so you can play around with it and see if itsuits your needs. Download the trial version andascertain that it actually does what it claims to do.

3. Security features. If you plan to sell your ebook,check out the security features of the compiler software carefully. Security features should include:prevention of the reader from modifying text, accessonly to the pages you assign or by entering apassword, different ways of generating passwords suchas secure passwords, user-friendly, and open passwords.

4. Supported scripting. Find out what scripts thesoftware supports. Scripting allows you to create special effects, customize menus, and create andmodify other user interactivity. Choose a compilerthat permits you to include graphics, search windows,hyperlinks, forms, surveys, etc.

5. Pricing. This is a factor that is not always easyto gauge. The highest priced compilers are notautomatically your best choice. Choose your compilerbased on the necessary requirements for your Ebook.That means you need to know exactly how you plan to use your Ebook and what functions you require.

Let's look at some of these factors in more detail.First of all, make sure you have the correct browserto run the compiler. The majority of HTML compilers use Microsoft Internet Explorer or Netscape.

Check outthe version that the compiler supports. Compilers that require a browser will not run on a computer that does not have the required browser installed. However,there are ebook HTML compilers that don't require you to have any browser installed on your computer.

These compilers run on any Windows system.
If you choose a compiler that requires a browser,check to ascertain that the browser is installed correctly and that it is properly configured to the specifications of the compiler. Check to see if certain functions are turned off or on, and make any adjustments according to the compiler instructions.

Security is an essential element of any compiler,regardless of whether you plan to sell or give awayyour ebook. One of the main reasons for using acompiler is to prevent the reader from modifying thecontents. A secure compiler allows access only to the pages you want the user to access unless they enter acorrect password.

To find out how secure an ebook HTML compiler is, openan ebook on it. While it is open, check the temporarydirectory of your computer. This can usually be accessed by typing in C:\Windows\temp. If you see a bunch of files when your ebook is open or running, itmeans that your computer is decompressing the secure data from your ebook before showing the ebook to theviewer.

This method is not secure! It means thatanyone with the knowledge of how to access thesetemporary files can steal the secure data and then they can fiddle with your ebook to their evil heart's desire. Remember, one of the main purposes of buyingand using an HTML compiler is to protect your property.

Next, let's discuss passwords. When trying to choosean ebook Compiler, check out the type of passwords that the compiler supports. Almost all compilers offersome kind of password protection that insures that theuser can only access the contents they have purchased from you.

However, the best compilers offer variedways to generate different types of passwords. Choosea compiler that gives you the options of secure,user-friendly, and open password generation.

Another important factor when it comes to passwords ishow the compiler generates them. A compiler that hasinternal password protection generation built into the software is more secure than compilers that link tolive Internet password control systems.

Find out if the compiler generates passwords online.If it has this option, it allows you to choose anypayment processing system you want or to do thepayment processing yourself.
Next, look into the size of ebook the compilersupports. The best compilers can create ebooks up to 2GB in size without decompressing the HTML pages orimages to your hard disk. Usually, ebooks that are 2GB in size can easily support 6 GB of compressed data.The catch here is that only text files will generallybe compressible.

You do not want a compiler that decompresses thisamount of data when the user attempts to open yourebook. This would mean that anyone who purchases yourebook will have to wait for all the data to decompressbefore they can access your ebook right after downloading it. So look for compilers that onlydecompress temporarily files that are NOT HTML to thelocal hardisk. Non-HTML files include Flash, Word, andAcrobat files. This type of compiler is more secureand certainly faster.

Make sure the compiler you choose is compatible withyour system software. Check out what version of Windows it requires, and make sure you have thatversion before buying your compiler.

Support issues are extremely important. Choose acompiler that includes an installation program. This program allows your user to choose a number of different places on their computer to install theebook, to place a shortcut on their desktop, and toadd the ebook, if they choose, to the Start Programsmenu.
You also want excellent and accessible vendor support

.Make sure you can access quick technical support! Atthree o'clock in the morning, this factor will be VERY important. Also, check to see the terms of free technical support offered. Unlimited technical support is obviously the best option.
Check to see if the company that puts out the compilersoftware offers a service level agreement. This agreement is to assure you of their quality response to your questions or problems.

A good thing to consider is how long the compiler hasbeen on the market. Usually, the version number willgive you an idea. The longer the program is on the market, the higher the version number, the more bugs have been worked out.
When choosing an ebook compiler, do not be swayed by incredible promises and dazzling sales copy. Do you rhomework first, and then consider all the above issues and factors before choosing an ebook compiler.

Saturday, February 23, 2008

BLOGVERTISE-a road to internet riches


have you ever wondered why some bloggers make money on the internet while some dont?.the truth is that the more informed you are the better your chances of survival online.


i have discovered a site that gives you a two in one package,they not only advertise your blog and generate traffic to your blog for free,they also help you make money on the internet.


it is very easy to register and does not require any financial commitments to join,it is absolutely free.suprised?,yes it is FREE to join and they pay you every time you complete a task given to you.they pay as much as $6 for each task you accomplish.that golden site is blogvertise.


clickhttp://www.blogvertise.com/ to register and start making money online.they pay through paypal.

Friday, February 22, 2008

earn income online through treasure trooper

One of the easiest ways to make money online with no money down and receive your earnings by check to any of your country is from Treasure Trooper.

Treasure Trooper will pay you for completing different activities from their site. Three basic ways to make money here is by carrying out Cash Hunt, Cash Surveys, Cash Shopping cash offers.You are paid outside US and paypal if you have a verified US address tied to your paypal.

They even paid me a bonus of $3 at the end of the month. What you need to start here is just your email address, sign up for free and complete jobs that are sent to you as often as you can.

You will also need to fix your minimum payout and start working here. To join to join
click here to go to treasuretrooper

Wednesday, February 20, 2008

THE ADSENSE GOLDMINE

MY NAMES ARE BEN OKOYE AND I WOULD LIKE TO INTRODUCE YOU TO GOOGLE ADSENSE AND EVEN HELP YOU SET UP YOUR BLOG WITH ADSENSE CODE ON IT AND YOU START EARNING.SET UP COST IS #5000 AND YOU RECEIVE A DISCOUNT OF #2000 IF YOU WISH TO CREATE ANOTHER BLOG.

I WOULD DO THE REGISTRATION FOR THE BLOG AND GOOGLE ADSENSE. YOU ALSO GET TO MAKE MONEY THROUGH OBEUS,REVOCLICKS AND OTHER PPC SERVICE COMPANIES.YOU WOULD BE PAID THROUGH E-GOLD,BANKWIRE OR CHECKS.BELOW IS A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF WHAT ADSENSE IS ALL ABOUT.IF INTERESTED CALL 08063552674 OR EMAIL benadconsults@yahoo.com.

GOOGLE ADSENSE WHAT IS IT?

Google Adsense is a Pay Per Click program that earns you money when someone visits your website or blog(usually free) and clicks on an advert owned by Google and placed in your website or blog by you.WHAT IS THE COST?Google adsense is free, that is, registration is free with google .Registration of a blog is also free from google (www.blogger.com.), but I prefer you register a mini website and place codes on it, It sells more as more information can be posted on your website than on a blog. But all the same you can use either a blog or a website to earn but a website is preferable.

HOW DO I EARN?

As said earlier, you earn when someone clicks on an advert posted on your website, Companies actually pays Google to advertise for them on their search engine, Google then in turn shares the ad with and when there is a click on the Companies adverts that automatically directs customers to the companies website, Google shares the money with you.

You can earn as much as you want from Google today, A lot of people are earning much from it. You can earn close to $500-$5000 monthly depending on you(How you market your website, which we help you with). You can withdraw your money in Nigeria from google througha. Cheques sent to your postal address by google and cashable in your bank if you operate a current account with them. It takes about 21 days for your bank in Nigeria to help you turn your foreign cheques into cash as they first have to contact the bank overseas.

After verification and transaction, the money in naira would be deposited in your bank accountb. Bank wire. Good can alo send you money directly to your bank if you operate a domiciliary account (dollar/international account) with your local bank here. Cash would be paid directly and it takes about 2-3 days before you can withdraw from your bank

.WHAT DO WE DO?

We design a mini website or blog for you with google adsense coded on it without you doing anything at all. We register and host your website with a good hosting company. We place all necessary contents on it and we also place OBEUS adverts on it which is also like google adsense and they pay you through .(www.).

We also help you gain traffic to your website thereby increasing clicks and increasing money to your website. Our cost includes:Registration of Website,

  • Website Design, Placing of Google Adsense codes = #15,000OrSetting up A
  • blog, Google Adding contents and Google Adsense Codes=#5,000

turn your browsing time into dollars


i never believed I could actually earn income online until i joined this program that has blessed me greatly. I had always wasted my time chatting and sending cards on the internet until i discovered an online program which pays you for reading e-mails and that information changed my life for good.


Do you know that you can turn your idle browsing time into dollars by joining this program? I have a well packaged book that will teach you all you need to know about the PTR programs plus


• best companies that pay

• how to set up your account

• how to get paid through e-gold or paypal

• Plus over 30 companies that are waiting to do business with you online.


The book is in two forms paper back #3,500 or $30E-copy [sent to your e-mail] #2,500 or $25HOW TO ORDERPay into our account and send an Sms to 08063552674 0r 08053361720, indicating the type of copy i.e. paper back or e-copy.


Pay into any branch of guaranty trust bank account no: 711604648110,

account name: benedict okoye,

email benadconsults@yahoo.com Or pay into our e-gold account no 4686435.


please allow a maximum of seven days for shipmentGrab a copy of this eye opening manual that will teach you how to turn your spare time into dollarsWhat are you waiting for, place your order now

Type your way to wealth


have you heard of a program on the internet that pays you to type articles from the comforts of your house with very good monetary incentives attached?yes it is a program that pays you in dollars to type for companies on the internet and get paid either through a paypal or e-gold account.


it is very easy and a legitimate way to earn income on the internet.no MLM,no refferals,just you and your computer and you will be smiling to your bank.ok.enough of the hype,how can i join these programs.i have packaged all the info in my book TYPE YOUR WAY TO WEALTH.


order now at a give away price of $15 and recieve your book within seven days.check our payment info page for details of payment. http://realcash4all.blogspot.com/paymentinfo

PAYMENT INFO

PAYMENT INFO
NAME: BENEDICT IFEANYICHUKWU OKOYE
BANK:GAURANTY TRUST BANK
ACC NUMBER: 711604648110
OR
PAY INTO OUR E-GOLD ACCOUNT NUMBER: 4686435.
please allow a maximum of seven days for shipment.

great books that will change your life


knowledge is the key to earning income on the internet.you cannot earn a dime on the internet without knowing what it takes to get to the trasure chest filled with real cash.there are many money making opportunities awash the internet but you can only discover them and begin to earn online income if you buy information materials.


my success online was largely because i chose to find knowledge.i bought books from best selling authors like Brian tracy,Yaro Starak,Robert kiyosaki,Zig Ziglar,Napoleon Hill and Praise George.you can start today and build your financial future by investing in the books below,they will definitely change your life for good.below are some reccomended books available on paper back and will be delivered to you within seven days by courier.



  • HOW TO TURN YOUR IDLE BROWSING TIME INTO DOLLARS $35

  • TAKE ACTION $30

  • SELLING ON THE WEB $35

  • PAID TO READ EMAILS $35

  • HOW TO CHOOSE A BLOG MENTOR $40

  • WRITE YOUR WAY TO THE BANK $25

  • HOW TO START A BLOG $25

  • THE BLOGGERS MANTRA $35

These and many more are books from our stable that will turn your income online into a goldmine,order now by clicking on our payment page info.


TAKE ACTION-the secret to internet riches


One of the greatest mistakes people make on the internet is having a million dollar idea and never using that idea to become financially independent.

I have discovered that most people think but never do or act. Most times they look more at the risks rather than looking at the possibilities. Robert kiyosaki in his wonderful book cash flow quadrant made a comment that struck me while reading his book. He said that if you do something, you make mistakes and it’s from our mistakes that we learn the most.

I want you to know that the only way to securing financial freedom and success in life is by taking action, making mistakes and correcting your mistakes. Get my book titled TAKE ACTION and discover secrets that rich men know that they are not willing to give out.
This book will give you tips on how to generate an idea and act on the idea to become financially independent in life it is 100% gauranteed to change your life

Tuesday, February 19, 2008

what is affiliate marketing?

Affiliate marketing is a web-based marketing practice in which a business rewards one or more affiliates for each visitor or customer brought about by the affiliate's marketing efforts.



Affiliate marketing is also the name of the industry where a number of different types of companies and individuals are performing this form of
internet marketing, including affiliate networks, affiliate management companies and in-house affiliate managers, specialized 3rd party vendors, and various types of affiliates/publishers who promote the products and services of their partners.



Affiliate marketing overlaps with other
internet marketing methods to some degree, because affiliates often use regular advertising methods. Those methods include organic search engine optimization, paid search engine marketing, email marketing and in some sense display advertising. On the other hand, affiliates sometimes use less orthodox techniques like publishing reviews of products or services offered by a partner.



Affiliate marketing — using one
site to drive traffic to another — is a form of online marketing, which is frequently overlooked by advertisers. While search engines, e-mail and RSS capture much of the attention of online retailers, affiliate marketing carries a much lower profile. Still, affiliates continue to play a significant role in e-retailers' marketing strategies.

below are some genuine affiliate programs on the internet,join now and stert earning income immediately

  • http://paydotcom.net/?affiliate=2784

genuine paid to read emails programs



paid to read emails is a very genuine and legitimate way of earning income online without a website.i have made good money online through the PTR mails program and i must confess,i have also encountered some scam paid to read mails sites on the internet.

these scam PTR sites kept sending mails to my e-mail box and when my earnings got to the minimum payout they simply disappeared into thin air.some of the scam PTR sites include powersmails,ferenial mails,mushroom mails and lion mails.

in the same vein,i have also located geniune paid to read emails sites that have payed me my earnings and i encourage you join them and start earning income immediately.below are two geniune PTR programs.click on the banners on my page to join or click on the links below.





Monday, February 18, 2008


Getting paid to read emails is one of the easiest ways to get a sustained stream of income and also helps to start a business on the Internet without or very little hard work. Some of the tips and tricks involved in reading emails are given below:


The first and foremost thing needed to succeed in any business is knowledge about the business or program. I would say that 90 percent of the success comes by the virtue of knowledge. Before starting, research and find the pros and cons of the business, if possible can also read books and get an in depth knowledge of the subject you are venturing into.


Next thing is to set up dedicated emails. It is wiser to get free email services offering huge capacity mailboxes, as they can store the emails for the maximum of two days. Usually the owners of the paid to read email programs delete you from the list if your email bounces back to them. Also one needs to be very careful with the email filtering option in the settings, which might block the emails arriving to you.


As most of the programs credit to Paypal or eGold accounts it is wiser to register with such accounts if you do not have one. Also a person can join many paid to read email programs even if they give low or no minimum payout if it has good reputation and a good review to its credit. Better not to waste time and to choose a program with good knowledge of it.


Since you are not a member of one paid to read email program, it is wiser to create a specific folder to bookmark all the programs. It is not easy to remember all the website address and URLs, the bookmarks help us in doing so. The terms and conditions and frequently asked question and answers should be read with an eye for detail.


I would suggest to summarize a log of all the programs either on a spread sheet or on paper which would have the details of the program like the name of the program, date of joining, minimum payout, payment mode, number of people referred, how much cash is earned, points earned etc. It is good to update every week. Some people even take a screen shot to have a proof, if the owner crash or lose their database.


As most of the emails have expiry very fast, it is good to read the emails daily. Also read the non-paid emails as it supports the advertisers, as without them there is no possibility of income. Incase of extra income possibility upgrade the membership to a higher level. The downlines bring in supplementary income, so build an empire of your own.

PAID TO READ E-MAILS-ARE THEY GENIUNE?

It is highly possible to make extra money from online jobs without any investment. It requires visiting certain web pages and reading the contents on the website, surf the Internet and get paid to certain websites. The main advantage of such on line jobs is that they can be done right from our home any time any day at our convenience and still we will be paid for it. Another aspect, which makes them appealing and attractive, is that there are no registration fee or any investment to get started.

In the paid-to-read email programs, a person has to sign up with a website that works with a lot of companies. While registering, the person has to give his e-mail address and starts receiving advertisements on e-mails. He has to read the e-mail and click on the link that takes him to the advertiser's website. This process is being paid through online payment systems instantly.

Generally, these e-mails will be for advertisements of new products or services.Companies that advertise on websites want people to read about their products and services in the hope that they would make a purchase. When people visit such a website, the company hopes that one of them would make a purchase. Therefore companies want more and more people to visit their websites and are even willing to pay to increase traffic and eventually increase sales hopefully.

These companies pay a certain sum of money for the paid-to-read advertisements each time a person visits their websites. Therefore these companies pay the people to promote to read e-mails and visit the website.To join paid-to-read programs, the person must have access to an e-mail account. Then an account should be opened with an on line payment system.

These allow a person to recieve and send money on line and also transfer funds from this account to bank account. Getting paid to read e-mail programs are good ways of making some extra money every month. But spending a few hours and clicking the links should be restricted and restrained because there are certain drawbacks. There are scam companies too and therefore must make sure to sign up with a company with a good reputation. These programs will earn a few cents everyday but signing up for several companies may fetch a few more dollars. All it needs is a few minutes everyday to open the e-mails and view the advertisements.

In fact some of them may be even interesting. Many of the paid to read e mails (PTRE) have referral programs that offer money when the people we refer view the ads too. Some of the companies offer points that are redeemable for coupons and other offers.There are certain points to be borne in mind while opting for a paid to read e-mail program. Extensive study should be done on PTR programs. One special dedicated email account will suffice.

The person must join the payment programs and summarize and document the program which include the program name, date joined, minimum pay out, payment method, number of referrals earn points etc. Checking and reading the e-mails everyday before being removed by the owner is a must. Also, visiting PTR programs website is essential. The most important thing in PTR is to build down lines and improve them.